222.4 📌 章末速蚘

222.4.0.0.1 Ebola
  • ssRNA Filovirus, 6 species (Zaire deadliest)
  • Fruit bat reservoir
  • Body fluid + sexual + vertical + healthcare transmission
  • Clinical: febrile → GI → hemorrhagic → shock/MOF
  • Mortality 25-90% (Zaire worst)
  • Treatment: supportive + mAbs (Inmazeb, Ebanga) — FDA 2020
  • Vaccine: Ervebo (rVSV-ZEBOV) — single dose, ring vaccination, Zaire only
  • Janssen 2-dose heterologous prime-boost preventive
  • Post-Ebola syndrome + sexual transmission risk weeks-months
222.4.0.0.2 Marburg
  • Filoviridae family; Rousettus cave-dwelling bat
  • 2024 Rwanda outbreak ongoing
  • No licensed vaccine yet; emergency rollout 2025
  • Similar clinical + treatment to Ebola
222.4.0.0.3 Both
  • BSL-4 lab; strict PPE
  • WHO emergency response
  • Ring vaccination + mAb breakthrough therapies
  • 2023-2024 ongoing African outbreaks (Sudan Ebola Uganda + Marburg Equatorial Guinea + Rwanda)
  • Sexual transmission survivor counseling
  • Returning traveler workup (isolate + Public Health notify)