340 Ch 339. Specific Glomerular Diseases

Glomerular diseases 細目：(1) MCD (minimal change disease) — pediatric NS 80%, steroid-responsive；(2) FSGS (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) — adult NS US most common, APOL1 risk in African ancestry, primary (idiopathic), genetic, secondary (HIV-AN, obesity, reflux, post-AKI)；(3) MN (membranous nephropathy) — older adults, anti-PLA2R 70-80%；rituximab MENTOR 2019 first-line；(4) IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) — globally most common GN；(5) lupus nephritis — ISN/RPS Class I-VI；belimumab BLISS-LN 2020 + voclosporin AURORA 2020 new；(6) ANCA-associated vasculitis — GPA, MPA, EGPA；rituximab + steroids；(7) anti-GBM (Goodpasture) — pulmonary + renal；plasmapheresis + cyclophosphamide + steroids；(8) MPGN / C3G — complement-mediated；iptacopan trials；(9) diabetic kidney disease — most common globally；(10) amyloidosis — AL, AA, hereditary；新興 2024：iptacopan (C3G + IgA), sparsentan (FSGS + IgA), inaxaplin (APOL1)。