227 Ch 227. Malaria

#1 parasitic killer globally; 249M cases + 608K deaths in 2022 (WHO); 5 human Plasmodium species; artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) revolutionized treatment (Tu Youyou Nobel 2015); IV artesunate for severe malaria (mortality reduction vs quinine); RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix) + R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccines rolling out 2024+ in Africa; tafenoquine for radical cure of P. vivax (G6PD test required); resistance + climate change major challenges。