204 Ch 204. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

200 types, ~ 40 anogenital; high-risk types (16, 18, 31, 33, 45, etc.) cause cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, vulvar, vaginal, penile cancers; 9-valent vaccine (Gardasil 9) = game changer (95%+ efficacy); cervical screening 仍 important (HPV testing + cytology); 2024 WHO global cervical cancer elimination 推進 mass vaccination + screening。