174.3 ð©º å §ç§å°ç§èåç
174.3.0.1 1ïžâ£ Iron Overload Mechanism
- Yersinia siderophore poorly developed
- é host iron sources
- Deferoxamine = iron chelator that creates ferrioxamine â usable by Y. enterocolitica
- Deferiprone, deferasirox â different chemistry, NOT iron donor to Yersinia
- Hemochromatosis + Yersinia bacteremia â classic association
- β-thalassemia, sickle cell â chronic transfusion iron load
174.3.0.2 2ïžâ£ Transfusion-Associated Bacteremia é²ç¯
- Donor screening (questionnaire: GI sx within 14 days)
- Pathogen-reduction technology (PRT â psoralen + UV for plasma/platelets; emerging for RBC)
- Cold storage doesnât kill Yersinia
- Detection: routine bacterial screening of platelets (mandatory); RBC less standard
- Suspect: post-transfusion shock, hemoglobinuria, DIC â ç« send culture + start empirical
174.3.0.3 3ïžâ£ éå¥ Pseudoappendicitis from Real Appendicitis
| é ç® | Yersinia | Appendicitis |
|---|---|---|
| Onset | Days, with diarrhea | Hours, classic migration |
| Sx | Fever, diarrhea, RLQ | RLQ, anorexia, vomiting |
| WBC | Variable | Usually â |
| CT | Ileal wall thickening, LAP, normal appendix | Appendix enlarged > 6 mm |
| Stool cx | Yersinia + (sometimes) | - |
| Tx | Self-limit / abx | Appendectomy |
Bedside dilemma: 10-30% of âappendicitisâ surgeries find normal appendix in Yersinia patients
174.3.0.4 4ïžâ£ Reactive Arthritis Spectrum
- Triggers: Yersinia, Shigella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, Chlamydia trachomatis
- HLA-B27 + (~ 50-90%)
- Onset 1-3 wk post-infection
- Asymmetric oligoarticular lower extremity
- Triad classic: arthritis + urethritis + conjunctivitis (âcanât see, pee, climbâ)
- NSAID / steroid injection / sometimes DMARD if chronic
174.3.0.5 5ïžâ£ Far East Scarlet-like Fever (Izumi Fever)
- Y. pseudotuberculosis variant
- Fever + çŽ ç¹ + arthritis + GI sx
- éå¥: scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, drug rxn
- Japan + Russia outbreaks
- Self-limit + ceftriaxone if invasive
174.3.0.6 6ïžâ£ Yersinia Septicemia + Endocarditis / Aneurysm
- Iron overload patients
- Mycotic aneurysm (aorta) â like Salmonella + Campy fetus
- IE on damaged valve
- Treatment: 6 wk IV + surgical repair if aneurysm