65.2 📚 國考版醫垫國考 / PGY OSCE

65.2.0.1 📌 Cram Sheet

65.2.0.1.1 🔥 高 yield 12
  1. Schistocyte = MAHA (TTP, HUS, DIC, malignant HTN, prosthetic valve)
  2. Spherocyte = HS or AIHA
  3. Hypersegmented neutrophil ≥ 6 lobes = B12/folate def
  4. Auer rod = AML
  5. Smudge cell = CLL
  6. Rouleaux = MM, Waldenström
  7. Howell-Jolly body = asplenia
  8. Bite cell + Heinz body = G6PD deficiency
  9. Tear drop (dacrocyte) = myelofibrosis
  10. Atypical lymph (Downey) = EBV (mono)
  11. Toxic granulation + Döhle = severe infection
  12. Pelger-Huet = MDS
65.2.0.1.2 🔢 必背
病 Smear
TTP schistocyte
AIHA spherocyte + agglutination
B12 def hypersegmented + macrocyte
AML Auer rod
CLL smudge cell
MM rouleaux
Asplenia Howell-Jolly
Myelofibrosis tear drop
Thalassemia target cell + microcyte

65.2.0.2 ⭐ 高 yield

65.2.0.2.1 MAHA causes
  • TTP: ADAMTS13 def → schistocyte + thrombocytopenia + neuro + AKI + fever (pentad)
  • HUS: post-EHEC + AKI兒童倚
  • DIC: sepsis + cancer + obstetric
  • Malignant HTN: severe HTN + AKI
  • Prosthetic valve
  • HELLP in pregnancy
65.2.0.2.2 Erythrocyte Inclusion
Inclusion 病因
Howell-Jolly Asplenia, severe hemolysis
Pappenheimer Sideroblastic, post-splenectomy
Basophilic stippling Lead, thal, sideroblastic
Heinz body G6PD oxidative
Cabot ring Severe anemia
Hb crystals (Hb C) HbC disease
65.2.0.2.3 Sickle Cell Triggers
  • Hypoxia, dehydration, infection, cold

65.2.0.3 🎯 自我檢枬

  1. Schistocyte 想 5 病? → TTP/HUS/DIC/malignant HTN/prosthetic valve
  2. Hypersegmented neut? → B12/folate
  3. Auer rod? → AML
  4. Smudge cell? → CLL
  5. Rouleaux? → MM
  6. Howell-Jolly? → Asplenia
  7. Bite cell? → G6PD
  8. Tear drop? → Myelofibrosis
  9. Pelger-Huet? → MDS
  10. Atypical lymph? → EBV mono

⚠ AI 草皿。