150.4 📌 章末速記

• 4 大機轉: 酶 / target / efflux / 新路徑
• β-lactamases: ESBL (CTX-M), AmpC, KPC, NDM, OXA
• MDR 主要病原: MRSA, VRE, ESBL, CRE, MDR Pseudomonas, MDR Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas
• CRE 治療: CAZ-AVI, MEV, IMV, Cefiderocol (last-line)
• 22E XDR-TB: BPaL 6-month regimen
• Spread: horizontal gene transfer (plasmid)
• Stewardship: PCT, de-escalate, 短療程, 培養 directed
• Hospital + animal antibiotic = main selection pressure